ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠮᠤ | ︵1734 — 1945︶ | | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠥᠨ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠪᠥᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠷᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ | ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠵᠢᠨ ᠺᠢᠯᠤᠮᠧᠲᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯᠴᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠣᠯᠣ | ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢ | ᠥᠩᠭᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠵᠤ | ᠥᠨᠳᠡᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠤᠯᠲᠡ᠂ | ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠣᠪᠣᠭ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠱᠠᠰᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠯᠭᠡ᠂ | ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ | ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠮᠤᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠯᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠶᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠢᠭᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠰᠦᠯᠲᠡ | ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠩᠬᠡ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ︵1683 ᠣᠨ︶ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠢᠩᠭᠦᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠰᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠢ | ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠮᠥᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤᠬᠢ ᠦᠳᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ᠂ ᠨᠣᠣᠰᠧ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠵᠣᠨ ᠠᠶᠤᠨ ᠰᠣᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠥᠪᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠰᠠᠨᠠᠯ | ᠥᠯᠥ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠲᠤᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠷ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠣᠳᠣᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ︵ | 1731︶ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠥᠯᠥ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠠᠳᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ | ᠵᠦᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠰᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠭᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠯᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠬᠢᠯᠳᠢ ︵ᠰᠢᠯᠳᠢ︶ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠳ᠋ᠠᠷᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠴᠦᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠯᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠲᠦᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠢᠨ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠴᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠡᠰᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ︵1733︶ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠢᠰᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠢᠪᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠩ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ | ᠨᠠᠷ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠰᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠲᠦᠵᠦ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠲᠠᠶᠠ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠣᠰᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠵᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ | ᠵᠥᠪᠰᠢᠶᠡᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ︵1733︶ ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠬᠤ ᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ︽ | ᠁ ᠪᠣᠭᠳᠠ ᠡᠵᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠤᠶᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠣᠰᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠩ ᠬᠥᠷᠦᠭᠡᠰᠦ ᠡᠯᠪᠡᠭ᠂ | ᠪᠡᠯᠴᠢᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠵᠦ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ ᠠᠪᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠪᠡ ᠁︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ | ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠳᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠨᠬᠦ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1734︶ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ | ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠢᠪᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠩ᠂ ᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠷᠢ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ︽᠁ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠮᠦᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠦᠨᠡᠬᠡᠷ ᠠᠳᠡᠭᠦᠷᠡᠵᠦᠬᠦᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠠᠩᠬᠠ ︵ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ︶ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠷᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠩᠰᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠪᠠᠰᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾ | ᠭᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠨ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠠ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠵᠤᠭᠤ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ᠂ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯᠲᠠᠳ | ⒈ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠵᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ᠂ | ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷ᠂ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ ᠳᠥᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ | ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ᠂ ᠣᠷᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ︵1742︶ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ | ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠰ ᠢ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠨᠢ | ᠪᠠᠷᠤᠭ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ︵1752︶ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠤᠰᠤᠯᠠᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠳᠬᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠳ᠋ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ | ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠬᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ︵1767︶ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠪᠠ᠃ | 1932 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠪᠠ᠃ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨᠴᠤᠳ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ | ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠪ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ | ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠹᠠᠱᠢᠰ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠭᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ | ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠥᠪᠡᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠵᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠ᠃ | ⒉ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ᠂ | ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠭᠠᠯᠳᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡ ᠴᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠤᠣᠰ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ⑴ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠡ | ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠯᠤᠭᠠ ᠵᠠᠬᠠ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ | ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1734︶ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠮ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠵᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ᠂ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠦᠷᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠲᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠶᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠮᠣᠳᠤᠨ | ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠲᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠳᠳᠤᠭ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠩ ᠳᠡᠷᠡᠰᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ | ᠬᠢᠴᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠲᠣᠮᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃ |