ᠫᠦ᠊ · ᠪᠠᠽᠠᠷᠳᠢᠪᠢ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠶᠢᠮᠤ | ︵1734 — 1945︶ | ︵ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠯ︶ | ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠵᠢᠯ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ | ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠣᠭᠲᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ | ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠦᠷᠡ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ︽ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ︾ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ | ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮᠵᠢᠯᠠᠯᠲᠤ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠦ | ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭᠲᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠤᠷᠠᠰᠤᠮᠵᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ︽᠁ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ 7 | ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠭᠡᠷᠡᠨᠢᠪᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ᠂ 16 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ | ︿ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ﹀ ᠵᠢᠪᠽᠤᠭᠤᠮᠪᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠪᠡᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ᠂ 20 ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠩ ᠬᠤᠲᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠯᠢ | ᠲᠠᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨᠱᠧᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ᠃︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦᠷᠬᠦᠦ | ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠲᠤ 7 | ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠮᠡᠭᠴᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠵᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠯᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠠᠯᠢᠪᠠ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯ᠂ ᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠥᠷᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠡᠷᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠨᠠᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ︾ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠱᠠᠭᠠᠷᠳᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠥᠪᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ | ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠣᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠷᠢ | ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠮᠲᠡᠨ ᠪ᠊ · ᠷᠢᠨᠴᠢᠨ ︽᠁ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ | ᠰᠤᠷᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠰᠣᠶᠤᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ︾ | ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠳᠤᠷᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠪᠡᠯ ︽ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ︾ | ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠰᠦᠭ ᠲᠠᠨᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠵᠦ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨᠠ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠦᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨᠠ᠃ | 19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠣᠶᠠᠳ᠂ | ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠦᠬᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠭᠳᠠᠪᠠᠯ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠴᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ | ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ | ᠣᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠥᠪ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠨᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ | ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩᠳᠣᠷᠵᠢ ᠲᠤᠰᠢᠶᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠷᠤ | ᠮᠥᠷ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠢᠪᠰᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ | ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠮᠡᠲᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ | ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠯ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | 1926 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠴᠢᠪᠰᠡᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠯᠭᠠ | ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠲᠣᠭᠤᠰᠬᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ | ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠯ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠳᠡᠮᠡᠢ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ | ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠵᠦ᠂ 1931 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠲᠠᠳ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢᠩ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ | ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠭᠮᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠵᠢᠭᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠠᠪᠴᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ︽ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ 3 ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ᠂ 32 ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ | ᠂ 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠪᠡ᠃ | 1938 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | 1938 ᠣᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1941 ᠣᠨ ᠬᠦᠷᠲᠡᠯᠡ ︽ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ︾ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠲᠦ ᠲᠣᠭᠲᠠᠮ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ 1942 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ | ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠦᠷᠢᠮᠲᠦ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠥᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ | 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠤ 8 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠵᠣᠭᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 12 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠬᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ | ᠳᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠡᠪᠡ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠠᠶᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠰᠤᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠪᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ 3 | ᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠯ ᠵᠢᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ | ᠃ | ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠡᠷᠲᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ | ᠲᠤᠰᠤᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠤᠤᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠰ | ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠤᠭᠤᠮ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ | ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠯᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠂ ᠡᠨᠡ | ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠣᠳᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠪᠣᠢ᠃ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠭᠡ | ᠨᠡᠬᠦᠭᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠣᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ | ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠨᠢ ᠡᠪᠡᠰᠦ ᠤᠷᠭᠤᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠤᠮᠳᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠷᠢᠯᠠᠯ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠴᠠᠭ | ᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠣᠷᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠢ ᠶᠠᠮᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠣᠬᠢᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ | ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠯᠠᠩᠭᠤᠳ ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠯᠲᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠲᠡᠢ 6 ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠢ | ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠦᠯᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠳᠡ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢᠨ ᠦᠵᠡᠭᠡᠳ᠄ | ︽ᠬᠡᠪᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠰᠢᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ \ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠭ᠋ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ \ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ | ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠰᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ \ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠰᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ \ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠩ ᠲᠠᠢ \ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ | ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ \ ᠦᠩ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠯᠢᠭ \ ᠥᠨᠢᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨᠠ ᠁︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠣᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠢ ︽ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾᠂ ︽ᠮᠠᠯ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ | ᠳᠤᠭᠤᠬᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠰᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠯᠬᠠᠴᠤᠳ ︽ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ᠂ ᠲᠦᠢᠮᠡᠷ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢᠬᠠᠨ ᠁︾ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ︽ᠣᠷᠣᠢ | ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠵᠣᠨ ᠡᠷᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠰᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠯᠠᠭᠠ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠨᠡᠨ ᠪᠢᠯᠡ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ | ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠭᠠᠩ᠂ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠦ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠦ ᠥᠨᠢᠷ ᠥᠰᠳᠡᠭ | ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨᠡ ︽ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠷᠰᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ⒈ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠯᠭᠠ ᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠭᠠ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠪᠣᠯ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠠᠬᠤᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ᠂ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ︾᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠪᠣᠭ ᠮᠠᠯ︾᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠶᠢ | ︽ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ︾᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ︽ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠲᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ︾ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠠᠩᠭᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ | ᠴᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠩᠬᠢ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ︽ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ᠂ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠴᠢᠨ ︵ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠭᠲᠠᠨᠠ︶ ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ᠂ | ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠴᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠳ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠴᠦ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠨᠥᠷᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠥᠳᠡᠯᠮᠦᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠶᠠᠭᠤᠨ | ᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠮ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠵᠤ ︵ᠢᠮ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ︶ ᠪᠣᠭ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠢᠮᠨᠡᠵᠦ ︵ᠲᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠥᠭᠡᠨ︶ | ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠭᠦᠯᠲᠡᠷ᠂ ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠵᠢᠯᠲᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠩᠭᠤ ᠠᠩᠬᠠᠷᠴᠤ᠂ ᠭᠡᠭᠡᠯᠲᠦᠭᠴᠢ | ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠴᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠭᠡᠯᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠯᠢ ᠯᠡ ᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠵᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ | ᠪᠡᠶᠡ ᠪᠢᠯᠳᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠮᠢᠯᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠦ᠂ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠦᠷᠡᠵᠢᠨ ᠥᠰᠬᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠤᠭᠠᠢ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠦᠭᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠬᠠ᠂ ᠪᠤᠤᠷᠠ᠂ ᠬᠤᠴᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠢᠨ | ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠩᠰᠢᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ | ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠤᠷᠢ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ | ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠢᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠢᠯᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ 10 ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ | ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠯᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠣᠰᠴᠤ ᠳᠠᠭᠤᠰᠤᠮᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠥᠩᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠪᠣᠭ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ | ᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠩᠰᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠣᠰᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠠᠷᠢᠯ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠵᠣᠬᠢᠴᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠰᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠵᠤᠰᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ | ᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠰᠡᠷᠮᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ᠂ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠰᠤ | ᠨᠢᠮᠭᠡᠨ ᠥᠩ ᠰᠢᠮᠡᠲᠡᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠳᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠴᠤ ᠶᠢ | ᠬᠠᠮᠠᠭᠠᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠪᠤᠭ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠵᠢᠷ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷᠵᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠲᠣᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠥᠨᠢᠷ ᠥᠰᠬᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠢ ᠵᠣ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠢ | ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠢ᠂ ᠳᠡᠷᠡᠰᠤ ᠲᠡᠩᠨᠡᠭᠦᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠭᠤᠣᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠲᠤᠷᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠣᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯ᠂ ᠴᠢᠨ᠋ᠸᠠ ᠨᠣᠬᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ | ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠴᠦ ︽ᠬᠤᠣᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠣᠣᠷᠠ ᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠰᠠᠯᠬᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠢ︾ | ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠤ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠮᠠ ᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠤᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠯᠠᠩ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠤᠨᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠷᠠᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠨᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠡᠳᠦᠷ ᠲᠤᠲᠤᠮ | ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠣᠶᠢᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠵᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠰᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠤᠨᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠦ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠨᠢ | ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠮ᠂ ᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠪᠡᠯᠡᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠥᠭᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ | ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠢ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭ ᠬᠥᠯ ᠬᠦᠰᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠭᠠᠭᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠴᠦ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠨᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠴᠢᠶᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠢ ᠰᠢᠳᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ | ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠲᠡᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠵᠣᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠳᠦᠴᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ | ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠥᠨᠥ ᠬᠥᠯᠵᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠷᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠵᠤ | ᠰᠡᠯᠭᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠱᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠱᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠢᠩ᠂ | ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠬᠤ᠂ ᠠᠷᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ ︵ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ 3 ᠨᠠᠰᠤᠨ ᠳᠤᠨᠢ︶ ᠰᠤᠷᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠤᠨᠤᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠯᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠪᠦᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠴᠢᠯᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ⒉ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠰᠢᠭ ᠰᠢᠮᠡ | ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢᠯᠭᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠰᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠷ᠂ ᠣᠭᠤᠰᠤᠷ᠂ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠮᠤᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨᠡᠭ | ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠢᠭᠡᠭ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠡ᠂ ᠤᠨᠢ᠂ ᠬᠠᠨᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ | ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠢᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠤ ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠨᠡ᠃ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠤᠤᠭᠤᠳᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠯᠢᠭ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠡᠪᠦᠯ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠠᠪᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠬᠠᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠨᠢ ᠵᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠯᠵᠠᠷᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠰᠦ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠭ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠴᠠ᠂ ᠠᠭᠠᠷᠤᠤᠯ᠂ ᠥᠷᠥᠮᠡ᠂ ᠬᠤᠰᠤᠮ᠂ ᠡᠭᠡᠵᠡᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠲᠣᠰᠤ᠂ | ᠴᠥᠴᠥᠭᠡᠢ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠰᠠᠭᠠᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠢᠬᠢ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠤᠷ᠂ ᠦᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠮ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ | ᠭᠤᠲᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠥᠲᠥᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠣᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦ᠂ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠶᠡᠷᠦᠩᠬᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠤ ᠨᠣᠣᠰᠤ ᠵᠥᠭᠡᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤᠷ ᠡᠮᠡ ᠨᠣᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠢ᠂ ᠤᠨᠠᠭᠠᠨ | ᠤ ᠨᠣᠭᠲᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠵᠦᠭᠦᠪᠴᠢ᠂ ᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠯᠮᠠ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠪᠤᠰᠦ | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠣᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠳᠠᠩ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠢᠨᠡ᠃ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠨᠤᠤᠰᠤᠨ ᠤᠲᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠢᠰᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠢ ᠣᠶᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠴᠠᠰᠤ ᠬᠤᠨᠠᠷ᠂ ᠬᠥᠨᠵᠢᠯᠡ | ᠳᠡᠪᠢᠰᠭᠡᠷ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠢᠬᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠢᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠥᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠣᠣᠰᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ | ᠢᠰᠡᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠢᠵᠦ᠂ ᠭᠡᠷ᠂ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨᠡᠭ᠂ ᠮᠤᠬᠤᠯᠠᠭ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ | ᠨᠥᠮᠥᠷᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠮᠥᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠣᠳᠠᠰ | ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠴᠦ ᠨᠡᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠵᠤ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠮᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡᠨ | ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠦ ᠣᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠦᠷ ᠯᠡ ᠨᠠᠰᠤ ᠭᠦᠢᠴᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠱᠠᠷ᠂ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ᠂ ᠠᠳᠠ᠂ | ᠢᠷᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠣᠩᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ | ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ ᠴᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠪᠠᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠯᠵᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠡᠪᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠢᠳᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤᠤᠷ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠣᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠡᠷᠡᠨ ᠤ | ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ︵ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠭᠠ᠂ ᠢᠰᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ︶ ᠶᠢ ᠭᠦᠢᠯᠭᠡᠭᠦᠷᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠮᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠶᠢᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ | ᠵᠢᠵᠢᠭ ᠰᠠᠵᠢᠭ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠣᠯᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ⒊ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ | ᠮᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠯᠡ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ | ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠᠴᠤ ᠡᠮᠦᠨᠡ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ | ᠰᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠷᠥᠩᠭᠡ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠳᠤ ︽ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ︾ ᠣᠯᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ ᠥᠭᠭᠦᠭᠡ | ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ | ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠡᠭᠦᠯᠴᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠶᠢᠰᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠥᠰᠴᠤ᠂ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠦᠵᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ | ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠥᠰᠴᠦ ᠥᠨᠢᠷ ᠥᠳᠬᠡᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠪᠠᠯ 19 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠡᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠴᠢ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ | ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠵᠦᠨ ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠭᠤᠮᠪᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠯᠰᠠᠷᠠᠢ᠂ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠱᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠳ | ᠣᠪᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠠ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1917 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠭᠠᠢ ᠵᠢᠯ | ᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠯᠭᠡᠨ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠵᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠪᠤᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠩᠬᠤ | ᠰᠠᠩᠵᠠ︾ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ︽ᠣᠯᠣᠬᠤ ᠰᠠᠩᠵᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ︽ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ︾ | ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠨᠣᠮ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠵᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ | ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠲᠠᠢ᠂ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ | ᠲᠣᠩ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠮᠰᠠᠯᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠵᠦ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ | ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠣᠯᠲᠠᠯᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠲᠠ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠬᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠳᠠᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠲᠤ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ︵1906︶ ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ | ᠰᠣᠳᠨᠠᠮᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠥᠷᠥ ᠶᠢ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠰ | ᠣᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠳᠠᠳᠬᠠᠯ ᠬᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠡᠯᠡ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠯᠲᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠲᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠴᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠭᠰᠢ | ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠡᠪᠬᠡᠮᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ 514351 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ | ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠣᠳᠠ 76994᠂ ᠪᠣᠭ 437357 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ | ᠳᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠣᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠣᠷᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ | 1817000 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠪᠡ᠃ ᠲᠤᠬᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠡᠶᠢᠷᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ | ᠶᠠᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠬᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠬᠡᠳ 49 ᠬᠤᠨᠢ᠂ 5 ᠦᠬᠡᠷ᠂ 6 ᠮᠣᠷᠢ | ᠨᠣᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠪᠡᠷ ᠪᠣᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠳᠤᠲᠤᠷᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ | ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠤᠤᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠨ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ | ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠰᠢᠳᠬᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠥᠨᠳᠥᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢ᠃ | 1934 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠠ 93.8 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1925 | ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 88 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ | 307440 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ 26148 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠦᠬᠡᠷ 23647 | ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ 253367 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠭᠡ 2110 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠢᠮᠠᠭᠠ 2178 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | 1925 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠢᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠵᠤᠳ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠥᠮᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠤᠨ 2 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠲᠦᠮᠡ ᠨᠢ | ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠯᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠷᠬᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ ᠬᠥᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ | ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠡᠨᠳᠠᠰᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ 7000 ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠨᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠳ | ᠮᠠᠰᠢ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠯ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠨᠡ ︽ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠭᠤᠷᠭᠠᠲᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ᠃ | ᠮᠥᠨ 1930 ᠣᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠢᠲᠡᠨ ᠵᠢᠯ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠥᠯ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠬᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠬᠢᠷᠠᠯ ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ | ᠵᠢᠱᠢᠶᠡ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ 1928 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ︽ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠲᠤ︾᠂ 1929 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ︽ | ᠵᠦᠩ ᠳ᠋ᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠮᠥᠷᠭᠦᠯᠳᠦᠭᠡᠨ︾᠂ 1932 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ︽ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠢ | ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ︾ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠳᠠᠵᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠵᠢᠶᠡ | ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ | 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠥᠰᠴᠦ᠂ 442635 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ 1941 | ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 305311 ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠣᠯᠵᠤ᠂ 1937 ᠣᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 14 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ | ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ 1945 ᠣᠨ ᠪᠣᠯᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ 17 ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠨ ᠲᠣᠯᠤᠭᠠᠢ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠦ᠂ | ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ 14 ᠵᠢᠯ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠡᠴᠡᠭᠦᠦ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠪᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠠ ᠲᠠᠯᠬᠢᠭᠳᠠᠯ ᠳᠤ | ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠰᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠶᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ⒋ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠪᠣᠯᠣᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠦ ᠨᠤᠲᠤᠭᠰᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠳᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠ ᠵᠥᠪᠬᠡᠨ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠰᠦᠷᠦᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ | ᠥᠰᠬᠡᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠷ ᠵᠢᠮᠦᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ᠂ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠭᠤᠪᠴᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ | ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠯᠲᠠ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠡᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ | ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠥᠯᠥᠨ ᠪᠣᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠳᠠᠷᠤᠢ 2400 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠡᠷᠡᠴᠤᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠨ | ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠰᠠ ᠵᠠᠷᠢᠮ ᠢ | ᠨᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠣᠯᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠯᠵᠢᠬᠤ ᠦᠢᠯᠡᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠣᠩ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠴᠢᠷᠳᠡᠯ ᠪᠡᠷᠬᠡᠰᠢᠶᠡᠯ | ᠤᠴᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ | ᠲᠡᠭᠷᠢ ᠲᠡᠳᠭᠦᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠣᠨ ︵1761︶ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ︽ | ᠦᠬᠡᠷ ᠮᠣᠷᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠯᠠᠩ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠹᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠮᠤᠢ︾᠂ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨᠠ | ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠭᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠬᠤ᠂ ᠰᠦᠮᠡ ᠬᠡᠶᠢᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯ ᠨᠤᠮ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠥᠭᠦᠷᠭᠡ | ᠲᠠᠯᠪᠢᠬᠤ᠂ ᠥᠷᠲᠡᠭᠡ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠ ᠨᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨᠤᠭᠠ᠂ ᠵᠣᠭᠤᠰ ᠮᠥᠩᠭᠦ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠠᠭ | ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠡᠩ ᠴᠦ ᠶᠠᠫᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠡᠷᠡᠭᠴᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠣᠯᠠᠨ ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠠᠨ | ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠳᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠮ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠪᠥᠭᠡᠮ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠳᠤᠭᠤ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠮᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠶᠠᠪᠤᠳᠠᠯ | ᠴᠦ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠪᠠ᠃ 1944 ᠣᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠷᠮᠠᠭ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠣᠲᠤᠭᠠᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢ | ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠳᠥᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠵᠦᠢᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠ᠃ ᠮᠠᠯᠴᠢᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠠᠰᠤ ᠨᠣᠣᠰᠤᠨ ᠤ | ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠪᠣᠷᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠨᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠰᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ᠂ ᠲᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ | ᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠯᠢ ᠲᠠᠲᠠᠪᠤᠷᠢᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠪᠣᠯᠪᠠ᠃ | ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠ᠂ ᠲᠡᠦᠬᠡᠲᠦ ᠬᠥᠮᠥᠰ |