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ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠲᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠠᠭ᠄
2021/3/24
                                          ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠲᠠᠨ                                       ᠭᠤ · ᠠᠯᠮᠠᠰ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠪᠠ        ︽ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠ ᠲᠤᠪᠴᠢᠶᠠᠨ︾ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳᠠᠢ ᠮᠡᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠴᠦ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ ᠭᠤᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠤᠩᠭᠤᠸ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠬᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠳ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠲᠦᠮᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠵᠤ ᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠩᠬᠠᠢ ᠮᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃        ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠳᠤᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠠᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠳᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡᠬᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 11 — 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠷᠬᠡᠭ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠰᠤᠷᠪᠤᠯᠵᠢᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠯᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠢᠷᠤᠭᠤ ᠬᠦᠷᠳᠡᠯ᠎ᠡ ᠦᠷᠭᠦᠯᠵᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠳ᠋ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠭᠤᠴᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠳᠡᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠢᠭ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠮ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠷᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠮᠳᠠᠯᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠬᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠬᠠᠮᠠᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠦᠨᠳᠦᠳᠬᠡᠨ᠂ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠭᠡᠷ ᠪᠦᠯᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢᠭᠯᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠠᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠦᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠯᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠴᠤ ᠲᠠᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠷᠤᠭ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠯᠳᠤᠬᠤ ᠂ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠬᠦ᠂ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠦᠢᠯᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠬᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃        ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠯ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ᠂ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠤᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠠᠭᠠᠰᠢ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠬᠦ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠳᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠯᠳᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠭᠤᠪᠢ᠂ ᠠᠷᠤᠬᠠᠩᠭᠠᠢ᠂ ᠬᠤᠪᠳᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ — ᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠢ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪ᠂ ᠵᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠢ᠃ ᠮᠥᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠪᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠱᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃        ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠶᠤᠸᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨᠰᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠤᠨᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠷᠢᠰᠢᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 15 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠬᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠰ ᠲᠤ ︵1437 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ︶ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠲᠡᠮᠦᠷ ᠢ ᠢᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠲᠦᠷᠪᠡᠨ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠪᠠ᠃        ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠵᠡᠬᠦᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠯᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠢ ᠠᠯᠠᠭ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ 1525 — 1538 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠢ ᠳᠡᠶᠢᠯᠠᠵᠦ᠂ ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠰᠠᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠯ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠠᠪᠴᠠᠢ᠃        ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠴᠠᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠬᠢᠩᠭᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠡᠵᠡᠬᠦᠢ ᠵᠡᠯᠡᠭᠦᠳ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠲᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠴᠤᠤᠯ ᠲᠡᠨᠳᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠯᠴᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠲᠡᠳᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠡᠯᠢᠶᠡᠳ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠮᠤᠭ ᠤᠴᠢᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1730 ‍ᠭᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠯ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠴᠢᠩ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃        ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠤᠨ 10 ᠤᠨ ︵1732︶ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠢᠪᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠭᠠᠳ ᠴᠢᠪᠴᠢᠨ 2᠂ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠨ 6 ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠨ᠂ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠪᠳᠡᠨ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠤᠴᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ ᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠭᠰᠢ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃        1734 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠡ᠂ ᠲᠠᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ — ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ 8 ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠤᠭᠴᠢ ᠵᠠᠭᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠨᠠᠢᠮᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠶᠢᠳᠴᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠰᠢ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠭᠤᠷᠤᠨᠳᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠲᠡᠷᠡ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠡ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃ ᠢᠩᠭᠢᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ 9᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ 8᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ 17 ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠠᠮᠪᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠢᠶᠠᠷᠤᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ ᠤᠷᠴᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠵᠤᠬᠢᠶᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠦᠷᠢ ᠠᠴᠠ 200 ᠬᠤᠶᠠᠭ ᠭᠠᠷᠭᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢ ᠨᠢ ︽ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠳᠠ︾ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ︽ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭ᠎ᠠ︾ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1905 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠦᠭᠡᠷᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠨ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1911 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠷᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠤᠰᠠᠳᠬᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠤᠰᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠭᠳᠠᠨᠢᠬᠤ ᠳᠤ 1912 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠤ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠦᠴᠦᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠵᠤ ᠵᠠᠷᠯᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠲᠡᠷᠢᠭᠦᠳᠡᠢ ᠲᠦᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠰᠯᠡᠯ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃        ᠵᠠᠮᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠨᠢ ᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ︽ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ︾ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠬᠦ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ 1871 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠡᠨᠳᠦᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ 1912 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠢᠵᠠᠭᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠲᠦᠪᠰᠢᠳᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠳ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠮᠠᠭᠰᠤᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠮᠢᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠪᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠮᠡᠬᠡᠢ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠬᠡᠳᠡ ᠭᠠᠪᠢᠶ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ︽ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ︾ ᠴᠤᠯᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠱᠠᠩᠨᠠᠭᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ 1915 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠬᠢᠶᠠᠭᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ᠂ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ᠂ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠡᠯᠡᠯᠴᠡᠭᠡᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠭᠡᠷ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠭᠡᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠬᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠦᠯᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃        ᠡᠶᠢᠮᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠠᠯᠪᠠᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠭᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠰᠠᠩ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠡ ᠰᠠᠩᠰᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠤᠯᠭᠤᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ 1923 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠬᠡᠨᠳᠡᠢ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠤᠭᠤᠯᠠᠩ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠴᠤᠭ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1927 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠵᠠ ᠭᠤᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠦᠭᠡᠳ᠂ 1931 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠠᠰᠤᠷᠠᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠨᠢ 1956 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠬᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃        ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠳᠤ᠂ ᠬᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠯᠵᠠ ᠵᠦᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠲᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠢᠷᠡᠭᠰᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠰᠡᠭ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ︵ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ︶ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠨᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠠᠬᠢ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 1910 ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠽᠡᠷᠭᠠᠷᠤᠳᠢ ᠴᠤᠷᠵᠢ ᠯᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠸᠴᠢᠷᠪᠠᠨᠢ ᠬᠦᠩ᠂ ᠵᠠᠮᠪᠠᠯ ᠬᠦᠩ᠂ ᠲᠠᠤᠯᠠᠢ ᠬᠦᠩ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠶᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠴᠢᠯᠠᠭᠤᠳᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠢ ᠠᠪᠴᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠯᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃        ᠲᠤᠰ ᠤᠲᠤᠭ ᠨᠢ 1925 ᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠲᠡᠯᠭᠡᠷ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠤᠭᠰᠤᠭᠠᠯ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠠᠯᠠᠩᠳᠤ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ 1931 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ ᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠰᠤᠮᠤ 1956 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠳᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠭᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠡᠩ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠷᠠᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠲᠡᠭᠡᠷᠡᠬᠢ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠠᠷᠬᠠᠨ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠲᠠᠭᠦᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠭᠠᠳᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠱᠠᠪᠢ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠦᠨᠢᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ᠂ ᠱᠠᠵᠢᠨ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠬᠤ᠂ ᠬᠡᠷᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠤᠷᠤᠯᠴᠠᠨ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠢ ᠲᠡᠮᠳᠡᠭᠯᠡᠯᠳᠡᠢ᠃ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠡᠬᠦᠯ ᠳᠤ ︵1946 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠨᠠᠮᠤᠷ︶ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠰᠠᠭᠤᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠨ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭᠯᠠᠳᠠᠭ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠰᠢᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠰ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃ ᠡᠨᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠱᠠᠷᠠᠶᠢᠪᠤᠤ ᠭᠡᠳᠡᠭ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠡᠢ᠃ ᠶᠡᠷᠦ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠠᠷ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷᠯᠡᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠳᠦᠳᠡᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠠᠳᠠᠯᠢ ᠬᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠩ ᠰᠤᠷᠳᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠶᠤᠯ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠯᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠰᠢᠨᠵᠢ ᠲᠠᠢ ᠶᠤᠮ᠃        ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠲᠤᠳᠤᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭᠠᠬᠢ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ︵ᠬᠠᠯᠠ︶ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠳᠠᠭ᠃ ᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ᠄        1. ᠠᠪᠠᠭᠠᠴᠤᠤᠯ 2. ᠦᠵᠦᠨ 3. ᠭᠤᠴᠢᠳ 4. ᠬᠠᠩᠭᠢᠨ 5. ᠴᠡᠭᠡᠵᠢᠨ 6. ᠵᠤᠷᠭᠤᠨ 7. ᠳᠠᠭᠠᠷᠢᠲᠠᠨ 8. ᠬᠠᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ 9. ᠶᠦᠩᠰᠢᠶᠠᠪᠦ 10. ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠤᠭᠤᠷᠠᠭ 11. ᠤᠯᠢᠶᠠᠳ 12. ᠬᠠᠭᠴᠤᠳ 13. ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠩᠭᠤᠳ 14. ᠰᠢᠷᠠᠶᠢᠳ 15. ᠨᠤᠮᠤᠴᠢᠨ 16. ᠬᠤᠸᠠᠰᠠᠢ 17. ᠬᠦᠪᠭᠦᠳ ︵ᠬᠦᠪᠳᠦᠳ︶ 18. ᠠᠯᠭᠤᠢ 19. ᠭᠠᠯᠵᠤᠳ 20. ᠬᠤᠨᠳᠤᠨ 21. ᠬᠤᠳᠠᠢ 22. ᠬᠦᠢᠰᠦᠯᠢᠭ ︵ᠬᠦᠢᠴᠡᠯᠢᠭ︶ 23. ᠬᠠᠯᠪᠢᠨ 24. ᠠᠪᠬᠠᠨ 25. ᠭᠦᠵᠠᠩ 26. ᠰᠡᠭᠡᠷᠴᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠤᠩᠬᠢᠯᠠᠬᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠤᠷᠢ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠴᠢᠭᠡ ︵ᠤᠪᠤᠭ︶ ᠪᠤᠯᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠬᠠᠮᠨᠢᠭᠠᠨ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃        ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠭᠡᠯᠡ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠦᠬᠦᠯᠢ ᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠨ ︵ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠬᠠᠮᠨᠢᠭᠠᠨ︶᠂ ᠴᠢᠪᠴᠢᠨ ︵ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ︶᠂ ᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠳ ︵ᠤᠶᠢᠷᠠᠳ︶ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠭᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠡᠳ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ — ᠪᠤᠷᠢᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠠᠮᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ — ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠠᠶ᠋ᠯᠠᠭᠤ᠂ ᠰᠢᠯᠤᠭᠤᠨ ᠬᠦᠬᠡ᠂ ᠬᠦᠪᠡᠭᠡᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠭᠡ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠶᠠᠯᠭᠤ ᠭᠡᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠯᠭᠠᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠡᠢ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠬᠤ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃        17 — 18 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠶ᠎ᠡ ᠳᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ ᠡᠵᠡᠨᠳᠦ ᠬᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠭᠠᠵᠠᠷ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠲᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠢᠭᠳᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠵᠢᠨ ᠲᠦᠬᠦᠮ ᠨᠤᠳᠤᠭ ᠢᠶᠠᠨ ᠤᠷᠬᠢᠨ᠂ ᠬᠠᠯᠬ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠴᠡᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠰᠡ ᠵᠠᠩᠴᠢᠪᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢ᠂ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠡ ᠸᠠᠩᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠸᠠᠩ ᠳᠤᠷᠵᠢᠵᠠᠪ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠱᠠᠭᠳᠠᠷᠵᠠᠪ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠡᠷᠭᠡ ᠬᠡᠳᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠠᠳ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠯᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠵᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠨ 1734 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠮᠠᠨᠵᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠨ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠦᠯᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠬᠡᠮᠡᠨ ᠨᠡᠷᠡᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠵᠢ᠃        1911 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 12 ᠳ᠋ᠤᠭᠠᠷ ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 29 ᠳᠤ ᠤᠯᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ ᠡᠷᠭᠦᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠩᠬᠠᠭᠯᠠᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠠᠴᠠ 15 ᠬᠤᠨᠤᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠦᠨᠳᠦᠰᠦᠲᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠡᠷᠬᠡ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠨ ᠤ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠭᠠᠷᠴᠦ᠂ ᠬᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠲᠦᠰᠢᠮᠠᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠨᠤᠶᠠᠳ ᠬᠤᠷᠠᠯᠳᠤᠨ᠂ ᠪᠤᠭᠳᠠ ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨᠳᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠰᠢᠢᠳᠪᠦᠷᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠡᠮᠡᠴᠡᠯ ᠢ ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠶᠢᠯᠠᠭᠴᠢᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠭᠢ ᠵᠠ᠊ · ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ ︵ᠮᠠᠩᠯᠠᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠠᠮᠳᠢᠨᠰᠦ᠋ᠷᠦᠩ︶ ᠵᠢᠷᠭᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠨᠦᠬᠦᠷ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠶᠡᠭᠡ ᠬᠦᠷᠢᠶᠡᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠢᠷᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠳᠬᠦ ᠪᠢᠴᠢᠭ ᠢ ᠪᠠᠷᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠳᠠᠭ᠃ 1912 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠳᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ᠂ 1913 ᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠢ ᠴᠢᠯᠦᠭᠡᠯᠡᠬᠦ ᠲᠠᠪᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠮ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠯᠳᠤᠭᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠲᠤᠮᠳᠠ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠨᠢᠭᠡ ᠴᠡᠷᠢᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠩᠵᠤᠨ᠂ 10 ᠭᠠᠷᠤᠢ ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠭᠰᠡᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃         1928 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ ᠳᠡᠮᠵᠢᠭᠳᠡᠵᠦ ᠦᠳᠦᠭᠡᠭᠳᠡᠭᠰᠡᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠮᠧᠷᠰᠧ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠤᠳᠤᠷᠢᠳᠤᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠵᠡᠪᠰᠡᠭᠳᠦ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠭᠤᠮᠢᠨᠳᠡᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠳᠤᠯᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠴᠡᠨ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠡᠭᠳᠡᠵᠤ᠂ ᠤᠳᠠᠯ ᠦᠭᠡᠢ ᠬᠦᠴᠦᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠠᠪᠳᠠᠭᠳᠠᠨ ᠲᠠᠷᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠰᠠᠨ᠃        ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠪᠠᠨ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ 1912᠂ 1916 — 1917᠂ 1928᠂ 1946 ᠤᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠲᠤᠰ ᠨᠡᠭᠦᠳᠡᠯᠯᠡᠨ ᠢᠷᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ᠂ ᠲᠦᠪ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠪᠡᠶᠡᠨ᠂ ᠰᠡᠷᠭᠦᠯᠡᠩ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠂ ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠪᠠᠭᠠᠳᠤᠷ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠪᠤᠰᠤᠳ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ ᠠᠵᠤ ᠲᠦᠷᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠢᠳᠤᠷᠠᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃ 1949 ᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠳᠠᠵᠤ᠂ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠵᠠᠬᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ ᠬᠤᠪᠢᠶᠡᠷᠢ ᠰᠢᠨᠡᠴᠢᠯᠡᠭᠳᠡᠬᠦ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ᠂ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠨᠡᠶᠢᠯᠡᠵᠤ ᠨᠢᠭᠡᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠪᠦᠷᠢᠳᠦᠭᠦᠯᠬᠦ ᠪᠤᠯᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠬᠠᠭᠤᠴᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢ ᠡᠸᠡᠩᠭᠢ᠂ ᠤᠷᠴᠤᠨ᠂ ᠲᠠᠭᠤᠷ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠬᠠᠮᠳᠤ ᠰᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠬᠠᠷᠢᠶᠠᠯᠠᠭᠤᠯᠤᠭᠰᠠᠨ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃        2009 ᠤᠨ ᠤ 1 ᠰᠠᠷ᠎ᠠ ᠶᠢᠨ 9 ᠤ ᠮᠡᠳᠡᠭᠡ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠲᠤᠷᠤᠨᠠᠳᠤ ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠭᠤᠷᠪᠠᠨ ᠵᠠᠭᠠᠯ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 400 ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ᠂ 1351 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ᠂ ᠬᠦᠯᠦᠨ ᠪᠤᠶᠢᠷ ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 464 ᠡᠷᠦᠬᠡ ᠶᠢᠨ 1758 ᠬᠦᠮᠦᠨ ᠠᠮᠠ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠠᠰᠤᠳᠠᠨ ᠳᠤ ᠲᠤᠭᠠᠯᠠᠭᠳᠠᠵᠠᠢ᠃ ᠤᠳᠤ ᠪᠠᠷ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤᠳ ᠨᠢ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ 13 ᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠭ᠂ 47 ᠰᠤᠮᠤᠨ ᠳᠤ 15 ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ᠂ ᠪᠦᠭᠦᠳᠡ ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠷᠠᠮᠳᠠᠬᠤ ᠬᠢᠳᠡᠳ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ 7 ᠮᠤᠵᠢ᠂ ᠦᠪᠦᠷ ᠮᠤᠩᠭᠤᠯ ᠤᠨ ᠦᠪᠡᠷᠳᠡᠭᠡᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠬᠤ ᠤᠷᠤᠨ ᠤ 19 ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤ᠂ 15 ᠭᠠᠴᠠᠭ᠎ᠠ᠂ ᠰᠢᠶᠡᠨ᠂ ᠬᠤᠳᠠ ᠨᠤᠭᠤᠳ ᠲᠤ 25 ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠪᠤᠯᠤᠨ ᠲᠦᠷᠺᠮᠧᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ᠂ ᠺᠠᠽᠠᠭᠰᠲ᠋ᠠᠨ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠪᠤᠶᠤ ᠺᠠᠱᠭᠠᠷ ᠲᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠶᠢᠨ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠤᠪᠤᠭ ᠤᠳ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ᠃
 
ᠢᠷᠡᠯᠲᠡ᠄ ᠰᠢᠨ᠎ᠡ ᠪᠠᠷᠭᠤ ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ ᠬᠤᠰᠢᠭᠤᠨ ᠤ ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠠᠰᠠᠭ ᠤᠨ ᠤᠷᠳᠤᠨ
 
 
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